Trowulan: Exploring the Ancient Capital of the Majapahit Empire

Introduction

Trowulan, located in East Java, is believed to be the site of the legendary Majapahit Empire’s capital. This vast archaeological complex offers visitors a glimpse into Indonesia’s golden age, showcasing ancient temples, royal pools, and historical relics that highlight the grandeur of one of Southeast Asia’s greatest empires.

Location and Access

Trowulan is situated in Mojokerto, East Java, approximately 60 kilometers from Surabaya. It is accessible by car, bus, or train, with Mojokerto Station being the nearest railway hub. Local transport options, including taxis and motorbike rentals, are available for visitors exploring the area.

Historical Origins

Dating back to the 13th-15th centuries, Trowulan was the political and cultural heart of the Majapahit Empire. Archaeological discoveries, including the ruins of palaces, temples, and irrigation systems, indicate a highly advanced civilization. The site was first documented by European explorers in the 19th century and has since been the focus of extensive research and preservation efforts.

Experiences Awaiting Visitors

Visitors can explore significant sites such as:

• Candi Bajang Ratu – A towering red-brick gateway believed to be part of the royal palace complex.
• Candi Tikus – An ancient ritual bathing pool, showcasing Majapahit’s sophisticated water management system.
• Pendopo Agung – A modern structure believed to be near the site of the Majapahit royal palace, often used for cultural and historical events.
• Trowulan Museum – Home to artifacts, statues, and relics from the Majapahit era, providing deep insights into the empire’s history and influence.

Why Visit Trowulan

Trowulan is an essential destination for history enthusiasts, archaeologists, and travelers eager to connect with Indonesia’s past. The site’s well-preserved structures and informative museum exhibits make it a valuable educational experience.

Special Events and Highlights

Occasionally, Trowulan hosts cultural festivals, archaeological exhibitions, and Majapahit-themed performances that bring history to life. Guided tours are available for those interested in detailed historical narratives.

Optimal Visiting Tips

To make the most of your visit:

• Start early to explore multiple sites without the afternoon heat.
• Wear comfortable clothing and sturdy footwear, as some areas require walking on uneven terrain.
• Engage a local guide to uncover hidden details and historical interpretations.
• Bring a camera to capture the stunning architecture and landscapes.

Memories and Souvenirs

Visitors can purchase replicas of Majapahit artifacts, traditional batik, and historical books from local souvenir shops. Capturing photographs of the red-brick temples and lush surroundings will serve as a lasting memory.

Practical Information

• Opening Hours: Most sites are open daily from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM.
• Entrance Fee: Varies by site, with some locations requiring a small donation.
• Facilities: Basic amenities include rest areas, food stalls, and parking spaces.
• Best Time to Visit: Dry season (April to October) for the best outdoor exploration experience.

Trowulan remains a cornerstone of Indonesia’s historical narrative, offering a fascinating journey through the legacy of the Majapahit Empire. Whether you are a history buff or a curious traveler, this ancient city is a must-visit destination.

By : Dicky Riyaldi